Understanding Skin Resurfacing – Lasers are increasingly used for cosmetic purposes, primarily to correct skin imperfections. Here’s everything you need to know about laser skin resurfacing.
Laser skin treatments must be performed by board-certified, licensed plastic surgeons at accredited facilities. This includes procedures such as lip lightening, lip plumping, permanent makeup removal, etc.
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But what is laser skin resurfacing? explores the different lasers, treatment types, pros and cons, and whether laser skin resurfacing is worth the cost.
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Yes it! Each type of laser skin treatment has great benefits for the condition or defect it treats.
All facial resurfacing procedures have one thing in common: each one stimulates your body’s natural rejuvenation processes in its own way.
Your skin is stimulated to produce fresh collagen and elastin. This means your skin becomes healthier, more elastic, firmer and smoother.
But this is just the beginning. Laser skin resurfacing actually represents a very wide range of procedures. Your doctor can give you all the details about your specific procedure, but read on for more general information.
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Facial resurfacing (and skin resurfacing in general) is used to address a variety of skin problems, ranging from medical conditions to simple aesthetic preferences.
Treatments can be roughly grouped into 3 categories: treatment of signs of aging, treatment of pigmentation and hair growth, and treatment of underlying diseases, scars and lesions.
Laser skin care can help address problems caused by too much or too little pigment or unwanted hair growth. These include, but are not limited to:
Laser skin resurfacing is extremely beneficial in removing scars and other unwanted marks on the skin. It can also minimize or eliminate the unpleasant aesthetic consequences of certain medical conditions, including:
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In addition to all of the above, laser skin resurfacing can be used to eliminate uneven skin tone, comedones, enlarged pores and excessive sebum production.
Consult with your skin care specialist or dermatologist about what you want addressed and see if laser treatment is the best solution for your specific problem.
Facial resurfacing can be performed using one of four methods: ablative, non-ablative, fractional, and IPL (intense pulsed light). Each one treats different skin conditions, uses different types of laser, and works slightly differently.
Ablative lasers work by removing the top layers of skin. They typically target the outermost layer of skin, the epidermis, and successfully treat conditions such as warts, wrinkles, or scars.
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The laser uses heat to vaporize targeted cells, causing micro-injuries and prompting the body to begin the natural healing process.
This triggers the production of new collagen and elastin in the treated area. After recovery, the skin becomes firmer, smoother, healthier, more elastic and youthful.
Depending on the severity of the condition and the size of the area being treated, ablative laser resurfacing can penetrate deeper than the epidermis.
In this case, treatment may also target one or more layers of cells in the upper dermis. Your doctor will determine how deep the laser should penetrate and which type is best for your skin.
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CO2 lasers are the earliest type of laser used in skin care. They emit either very short bursts of energy called ultrapulses or a single continuous beam of light in a scanning mode.
The complex name essentially means that the source of light energy is in a solid state, and not in a gas, as in CO2 lasers.
This is a rod made of synthetic garnet (YAG) crystal supplemented with some erbium (Er). Erbium is a rare metal with fluorescent properties that enhance the effect of YAG.
But you don’t need to know all of this. Suffice it to say that this is a very effective way to stimulate collagen production, fight photoaging and improve the overall appearance of the skin.
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Non-ablative laser skin resurfacing eliminates minor imperfections closer to the surface of the skin, but from the inside, so to speak. It affects deeper layers of tissue – specific cells or clusters of cells – without damaging the epidermis.
This form of laser resurfacing can also help with imperfections such as redness or hyperpigmentation. People with loose skin or rosacea may also benefit from non-ablative laser skin treatments.
Er:YAG lasers can be used either non-ablatively or ablatively. When used in non-ablative treatments, Er:YAG has no effect on the epidermis at all. Instead, it passes through the layers of the skin, affecting deeper cells.
This method promotes collagen remodeling. Instead of generating new collagen and elastin, your body repairs and strengthens existing collagen bonds between cells. This makes the skin look tighter and lighter.
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Non-ablative Er:YAG treatments are popular for removing wrinkles, fine lines and age spots, as well as treating the sagging skin that comes with age.
Pulsed dye lasers specifically target pigments in the layers of the skin. They heat clumps of pigmented cells and absorb pigments from the skin.
Alexandrite lasers are similar to Er:YAG lasers in that the light source is a solid, namely an alexandrite crystal. It also emits infrared light, but at a different wavelength (755 nm).
Like CO2 models, alexandrite lasers can emit a single continuous beam or multiple short pulses of high intensity. The light from alexandrite lasers can affect either melanin in general or the red pigment (hemoglobin) in particular.
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They are used to treat spider veins and veins, vascular birthmarks, freckles, age spots and wrinkles caused by excessive sun exposure.
Fractional laser skin care is a mixed category that includes both ablative and non-ablative treatments. Hence, it includes all the types of lasers that we have mentioned above. What makes it different is the way the laser is applied.
With fractional skin resurfacing, laser energy is not projected into a single beam, as with other treatment methods. Instead, it is broken up into hundreds or even thousands of tiny individual mini-beams.
This way, when the laser hits an area of skin, there are untouched areas between the treated areas. This format of facial resurfacing reduces the downtime required as well as recovery time.
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Fractional laser skin care is used to treat various imperfections associated with aging, such as wrinkles or discoloration (age spots).
(broadband light). Technically speaking, they are not lasers, but they are grouped together because they are used to solve the same problems.
Like lasers, IPL targets a specific area of the skin with light. However, instead of using a beam of one highly focused wavelength, this treatment provides short pulses of light covering a wide range of wavelengths.
First, different wavelengths absorb excess pigmentation. They target both brown (melanin) and red (hemoglobin) pigments, resulting in a more even skin tone and a smoother complexion.
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Secondly, IPL stimulates collagen production, just like lasers. However, this occurs to a lesser extent, so the changes in skin texture are more subtle.
Who performs laser skin resurfacing is even more important than which procedure you choose. In the hands of an untrained and unqualified professional, lasers can be counterproductive and even dangerous.
If you are in the US, there are several regulatory authorities you can rely on to help you find the right supplier. You can find one in your area through:
If you are in Canada, the provider you choose must be certified by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada.
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You can look through the surgeon directories of these regulatory bodies or search for one yourself. If you decide to search on your own, be sure to check the credentials of anyone you find with those on these official forums.
Once you find a few providers that seem trustworthy, contact them and schedule a consultation. This is your opportunity to get to know them, ask any questions, address your concerns or insecurities, and see how well you get along.
You may want to consider laser resurfacing if you have one or more of the conditions listed above. The severity of your problem and the size of the area it affects will directly affect your choice of laser treatment.
In general, if you have a healthy immune system, no underlying health problems, and your skin type is suitable for the treatment you are interested in, you will likely be a suitable candidate.
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However, your skin care specialist will ask you about your medical history, lifestyle, and any medications or supplements you may be taking. They will also perform a skin assessment.
If there are any factors preventing you from getting the skin resurfacing procedure you want, they will explain why it is a bad idea and recommend the best alternative solution for your specific circumstances.
This is why it is so important to have a detailed consultation with both your therapist and your chosen treatment provider and be completely honest with them.
In some cases, laser skin treatment may not be the best idea. This largely depends on your specific skin type, age and overall health, but there are some general no-nos:
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Not all of this means that you are automatically excluded from laser resurfacing procedures. There may be viable workarounds, such as a different type of laser or a similar but alternative procedure.
For example, if your wrinkles are too deep or your skin is too loose for lasers to have a noticeable effect, your doctor may recommend other
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